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Cranial Nerve 7: Anatomy, Part 2

In this tutorial, we will learn the neuroanatomy of the complete facial nerve. This is part 2 of a 2 part lesson. Key structures/terms: an extracranial segment -- where the nerve emerges from the petrous portion of the temporal bone (the petrous bone); an intra-temporal segment -- where it passes through the petrous bone; a cisternal segment -- where it passes through the cerebellopontine angle cistern; and an intra-axial segment -- its brainstem course; abducens nucleus of cranial nerve 6; facial nucleus, which houses special visceral efferent (SVE) cells and innervates the muscles of facial expression; the superior salivatory nucleus, which houses general visceral efferent cells and provides preganglionic parasympathetic innervation to the pterygopalatine and submandibular ganglia; the solitary tract nucleus, which receives the special visceral afferent (SVA) fibers of cranial nerve 7 that carry taste sensation from the anterior two-thirds of the tongue; the pars caudalis portion of the spinal trigeminal nucleus, which receives the general sensory afferent (GSA) fibers of cranial nerve 7 and carries sensory information from select portions of the external ear; the internal genu; facial colliculus; motor root; nervus intermedius (of Wrisberg); internal acoustic meatus (aka internal auditory canal); geniculate ganglion; nerve to the stapedius muscle; greater petrosal nerve; chorda tympani; stylomastoid foramen; meatal segment; labyrinthine segment; horizontal (aka tympanic) segment; mastoid segment; cerebellopontine angle cistern; vestibulocochlear nerve; lingual nerve; deep petrosal nerve; nerve of the pterygoid canal (aka the Vidian nerve).