Oxidoreductases
- Catalyze electron transfer reactions (oxidation/reduction reactions)
Transferases
- Catalyze transfer of functional groups to a molecule
Hydrolases
- Catalyze breakage of bonds by hydrolysis (addition of water)
Enzymology: 2. Nomenclature
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Enzyme Nomenclature
- Enzyme names are derived from the substrate or the chemical reaction the enzyme catalyzes.
- Most enzyme names have the suffix "–ase."
Isozymes (aka isoenzymes)
- Enzymes that catalyze the same reaction but have different amino acids sequences (so they are different proteins).
Enzymes requiring cofactors:
- An apoenzyme is an enzyme without the cofactor.
- A holoenzyme is the enzyme and cofactor together.
SIX classes of Enzymes
These enzymes cover every type of enzyme-catalyzed reaction.
- Oxidoreductases
- Transferases
- Hydrolases
- Lyases
- Isomerases
- Ligases